Cooperation of the ATM and Fanconi Anemia/BRCA Pathways in Double-Strand Break End Resection

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Strand-specific ChIP-seq at DNA breaks distinguishes ssDNA versus dsDNA binding and refutes single-stranded nucleosomes

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Stiffness characterization of anisotropic trabecular meshwork

Elevation of intraocular pressure has been correlated to changes in stiffness of trabecular meshwork (TM) in glaucomatous eyes although mechanical properties of the TM remain to be quantitatively determined. Data in the literature suggest that the TM cannot be considered mechanically as a uniform layer of isotropic elastic material, because the value of its Young’s modulus depends on the methods of measurements and can vary up to five orders of magnitude. To this end, we proposed a new theoretical framework for mechanical analysis of the TM, in which the inner wall of Schlemm’s canal and the juxtacanalicular tissue in the TM were treated as a uniform layer of isotropic elastic material, and the rest of the TM, i.e., the uveal and corneoscleral meshworks, were modeled as a uniform layer of transversely isotropic material. Using the model, we demonstrated that the large discrepancy in the apparent Young’s modulus reported in the literature could be caused by the anisotropy of the meshwork that was significantly stiffer in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction. The theoretical framework could be used to integrate existing data of the stiffness, investigate anisotropic behaviors of the tissues, and develop new methods to measure mechanical properties of the TM.     

Genetic variations in VDR associated with prostate cancer risk and progression in a Korean population

Low levels of vitamin D are implicated as a potential risk factor for prostate cancer, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene may be important in the onset and progression of prostate cancer. In this study, sequence variants in the VDR gene were investigated in a Korean study cohort to determine whether they are associated with prostate cancer risk. We evaluated the association between 47 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR gene and prostate cancer risk as well as clinical characteristics (prostate-specific antigen level, clinical stage, pathological stage and Gleason score) in Korean men (272 prostate cancer patients and 173 benign prostatic hyperplasia patient who underwent a prostate biopsy, which was negative for malignancy) using unconditional logistic regression. The statistical analysis suggested that two VDR sequence variants (rs2408876 and rs2239182) had a significant association with prostate cancer risk (odds ratio [OR]. 1.41; p = 0.03; OR, 0.73; p = 0.05, respectively). Logistic analyses of the VDR polymorphisms with several prostate cancer related factors showed that several SNPs were significant; nine SNPs to PSA level, three to clinical stage, two to pathological stage, and three SNPs to the Gleason score. The results suggest that some VDR gene polymorphisms in Korean men might not only be associated with prostate cancer risk but also significantly related to prostate cancer-related risk factors such as PSA level, tumor stage, and Gleason score. However, current limitation for small cohort with not-healthy control group might have false positive effects; therefore it should be overcome via further large-scale validating studies.     

The Protexin complex counters resection on stalled forks to promote homologous recombination and crosslink repair

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吲哚菁绿荧光显像技术在腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术中的临床应用价值分析

摘要 目的：探讨吲哚菁绿荧光显像技术在腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术中的临床应用价值。方法：选取2020 年6月到2021年6月于我院行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术的患者112例,按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组各56例。两组均采用腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术治疗,研究组术中应用吲哚菁绿荧光显像技术观察吻合口肠段血运情况。比较两组患者手术相关指标、术后并发症发生率、吻合口漏、吻合口出血发生率及围手术期死亡率。结果：两组患者术中均无死亡,两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、首次肛门排气时间、下床活动时间及术中死亡率比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。研究组腹腔出血、腹腔感染、吻合口漏、吻合口出血发生率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）,两组肠梗阻、切口感染、围手术期死亡率比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：应用吲哚菁绿荧光显像技术可以显著降低腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术患者腹腔出血、腹腔感染、吻合口漏、吻合口出血发生率,在腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术中具有较好的应用价值。     

不同剂量右美托咪定对肺癌根治术后认知功能的影响

目的：探讨不同剂量右美托咪定麻醉对肺癌根治术患者术后认知功能的影响。方法：选取我院收治的肺癌根治术患者60 例,根据不同剂量的右美托咪定分为A 组（高剂量）、B组（低剂量组）及C 组（不加右美托咪定）,每组各20 例。比较三组患者治疗 前后超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）、苏醒时间、拔管时间以及认知功能。结果：三组患者的基线资料及术中情况比较 无差异,P＞0.05;术后SOD 水平呈先降低后升高的趋势,MDA呈先升高后降低的趋势。A组在第三天时SOD值较其他两组高, MDA在第1天与第3 天时较其他两组低,P＜0.05;术后1 天认知程度比较,A 组认知功能较其他两组高,P＜0.05;三组苏醒时间 和拔管时间相比较,A 组明显优于其他两组,P＜0.05。结论：右美托咪定麻醉能够降低氧化应激损伤,影响肺癌根治术患者术后认 知功能,缩短苏醒时间、拔管时间。     

鼻内镜下鼻窦炎合并中鼻甲外侧壁切除术的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨鼻内镜下行鼻窦炎手术同时行中鼻甲外侧壁切除的疗效。方法:选择本院2009年6月至2013年7月的行鼻内镜下鼻窦炎手术的慢性鼻窦炎患者160例,随机分为观察组和对照组.对照组行单纯的鼻窦炎开放手术,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上行中鼻甲外侧壁切除术。比较两组术后临床疗效、换药平均次数、SNOT-20评分及不良反应等。结果:对照组术后平均换药次数显著高于观察组(P0.05);对照组治疗总有效率为72.50%,显著低于观察组92.50%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);两组治疗前SNOT-20评分比较无统计学差异(P0.05),治疗后SNOT-20评分,组内比较均低于治疗前(P0.05);观察组治疗后SNOT-20总分显著低于对照组(P0.05);两组不良反应发生率无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:鼻内镜下鼻窦炎手术中实施中鼻甲外侧壁切除的临床疗效显著,既不破坏鼻腔解剖结构,又保证了中鼻道的宽大,安全性较高,值得在临床推广应用。